DISTRIBUSI UNSUR UTAMA DAN UNSUR TANAH JARANG PADA PELAPUKAN BATUAN GRANITOID DI DAERAH PARMONANGAN, KABUPATEN TAPANULI UTARA
DISTRIBUTION OF MAJOR ELEMENTS AND RARE EARTH ELEMENTS IN THE WEATHERED GRANITOID ROCKS IN THE PARMONANGAN AREA, NORTH TAPANULI REGENCY
Abstract
The results of an investigation by PSDMBP in 2011 showed that the REE content in weathered granitoid at Parmonangan contained several elements with significant anomalies such as Ce (600 to 1400 ppm), La (400 to 1000 ppm), and Pr (600 to 1400 ppm). Therefore, further investigation needs to be carried out to determine the distribution of REE to the west of the previous investigation area. This study aims to determine the characteristics of the granitoid, weathering pattern, and profile of the REE content in the investigation area.
The weathering of granitoid in the Parmonangan area comes from biotite granite and hornblende biotite granite. The geochemical characteristics of weathering indicate that Na2O, CaO, K2O, SiO2, P2O5, and MnO dissolve and are mobile during weathering, indicating a decrease in soil content compared to bedrock. Meanwhile, Al2O3, Fe2O3, TiO2, and LOI showed an increase in weathering results due to residual enrichment.
The content of the weathered granitoid in the Parmonangan area shows the relative enrichment of LREE to HREE. The content of LREE is influenced by the distribution of La and Ce elements contained in monazite. The content of HREE is controlled by the distribution of element Y. Based on the Spearman correlation, titanite and apatite also affect the abundance of LREE. While the mineral-bearing HREE is zircon. The sample interval is in the REE leaching zone so that the concentration of REE obtained in the soil is lower than in the bedrock.
Downloads
References
Ahmad, W., 2006. Laterites: Fundamentals of Chemistry, Mineralogy, Weathering, Processes, and Laterite Formation, PT. INCO.
Aldiss, D.T., Whandoyo, R., Ghazali, S.A., dan Kusyono., 1983. Peta Geologi Lembar Sidikalang dan (sebagian) Sinabang, Sumatra, Pusat Penelitian dan Pengembangan Geologi, Bandung.
Aspden, J.A., Kartawa, W., Aldiss, D.T., Djunuddin, A., Whandoyo R., Diatma, D., Clarke, M.C.G. and Harahap, H. 1982. Geologic Map of the Padang Sidempuan and Sibolga Quadrangles, Sumatra: Explanatory Notes Geological Research and Development Centre. Bandung. IndonesiaBao, Z., dan Zhao, Z., 2008. Geochemistry of mineralization with exchangeable REY in the weathering crusts of granitic rocks in South China, Ore Geology Reviews, 33, 519 – 535.
Barber, A.J., Crow, M.J., dan Milsom, J.S., 2005. Sumatera: Geology, Resources and Tectonic Evolution, Geological Society Memoir.
Cobbing, E.J., 2005. Chapter 5 Granites, Geology Society of London, Memoirs, 31(1), 54 – 6.
Darman, H. dan Sidi, H.F. (Eds.)., 2000. An Outline of the Geology of Indonesia. Ikatan Ahli Geologi Indonesia.
Gill, R., 2010. Igneous Rock and Processes: a Practical Guide, Oxford: Blackwell Publishing.
Indarto, S., Setiawan, I., Zulkarnain, I., Sudarsono., Fiqih, Fikri M., Fauzi, Ahmad. 2007. Alterasi dan Mineralisasi Hidrotermal Pada Batuan Volkanik Formasi Hulu Simpang Daerah Bengkulu dan Lampung di Kawasan Sayap Barat Pegunungan Bukit Barisan, Sumatera. Prosiding Seminar Geoteknologi LIPI, Bandung.
Maulana, A., Yonezu, K., dan Watanabe, K., 2014. Geochemistry of rare earth elements (REE) in the weathered crusts from the granitic rocks in Sulawesi Island, Indonesia, Journal of Earth Science, 25, 460 – 472.
McDonough, W.F., dan Sun, S., 1995. The composition of the earth, Chemical Geology, 120, 223 – 253.
Middelburg, J.J., Weijden, V.D., dan Woittiez, J.R.W., 1988. Chemical process affecting the mobility of major, minor, and trace elements during weathering of granitic rocks, Chemical Geology, 68, 253 – 273.
Möller, P., 2000. Rare earth elements and yttrium as geochemical indicators of the source of mineral and thermal waters, 227 – 246, dalam Stober, I., dan Bucher, K., ed., Hydrogeology of Crystalline Rocks, Water Science and Technology Library, vol 34, Springer, Dordrecht.
Nesbitt, H.W. and Young, G.M. 1982. Early Proterozoic Climates and Plate Motions Inferred from Major Element Chemistry of Lutites. Nature, 299, 715-717
Nesbitt, H.W., dan Markovics, G., 1997. Weathering of granodioritic crust, long-term storage of elements in weathering profiles, and petrogenesis of siliciclastic sediments, Geochimica et Cosmochimica Acta, 61(8), 1653 – 1670.
Pettijohn, F.J. 1975. Sedimentary Rocks. New York: Harper & Row Publisher.
Sanematsu, K., Murakami, H., dan Watanabe, Y., 2009. Enrichment of rare earth elements (REE) in granitic rocks and their weathered crusts in central and Southern Laos, Bulletin of the Geological Survey of Japan, 60, 527 – 558.
Sanematsu, K., dan Watanabe, Y., 2016. Characteristics and genesis of ion adsorption-type Rare Earth Element Deposits, 55 – 79 dalam Verplanck, P.L., dan Hitzman, M.W., ed., Rare Earth and Critical Elements in Ore Deposits, Society of Economic Geologists.
Setiawan, Iwan., 2017. Geology and REE Geochemistry of Granitoids and Their Weathered Crusts at The Western Part of north Sumatra, Indonesia. Akita University.
Scott, K., dan Pain, C. (Eds.)., 2009. Regolith science. Csiro Publishing.
Streckeisen, A., 1976. To each plutonic rock is proper name. Earth Science Reviews, 12, 1 – 22.
Sulistyawan, I.H., dan Harahap, B.H., 2013. Magmatisme, sumberdaya mineral, dan energi di Tapanuli Selatan-Sumatera Utara, JSD.Geol, 23(3).
Sulaeman, Kisman, Sayekti, B., Muliyana, T., Wicaksono, H.M.H., dan Firmansyah, F., 2021. Laporan Eksplorasi Logam Tanah Jarang di Daerah Granit Sibolga, Kabupaten Tapanuli Utara, Provinsi Sumatra Utara, Bandung: Pusat Sumber Daya Mineral Batubara dan Panas Bumi.
Tim Eksplorasi Umum, 2011. Laporan Eksplorasi Umum Logam Tanah Jarang (REE) Timah di Kabupaten Tapanuli Utara, Provinsi Sumatera Utara, Bandung: Pusat Sumber Daya Geologi.
Williams, H., F.J. Turner dan C.M. Gilbert. 1982. Petrography : An Introduction the Study of Rocks in Thin Section 2nd Edition. W. H. Freeman & Company, New York, 626h.
Copyright (c) 2023 Buletin Sumber Daya Geologi
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International License.
Penulis yang naskahnya diterbitkan menyetujui ketentuan sebagai berikut:
Hak publikasi atas semua materi naskah jurnal yang diterbitkan/dipublikasikan dalam situs Buletin Sumber Daya Geologi ini dipegang oleh dewan redaksi dengan sepengetahuan penulis (hak moral tetap milik penulis naskah).
Ketentuan legal formal untuk akses artikel digital jurnal elektronik ini tunduk pada ketentuan lisensi Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike (CC BY-SA), yang berarti Buletin Sumber Daya Geologi berhak menyimpan, mengalih media/format-kan, mengelola dalam bentuk pangkalan data (database), merawat, dan mempublikasikan artikel tanpa meminta izin dari Penulis selama tetap mencantumkan nama Penulis sebagai pemilik hak cipta.
Naskah yang diterbitkan/dipublikasikan secara cetak dan elektronik bersifat open access untuk tujuan pendidikan, penelitian, dan perpustakaan. Selain tujuan tersebut, dewan redaksi tidak bertanggung jawab atas pelanggaran terhadap hukum hak cipta.
