PENGAYAAN LOGAM BERAT Mn, Co, DAN Cr PADA LATERIT NIKEL DI KABUPATEN KONAWE UTARA, PROVINSI SULAWESI TENGGARA
Abstract
Proses pelapukan lebih mudah terjadi pada wilayah beriklim tropis seperti di Indonesia dan meredistribusi kandungan kimia batuan induk. Hasil proses pelapukan batuan ultramafik banyak teridentifikasi di Kabupaten Konawe Utara, Provinsi Sulawesi Tenggara. Proses pengayaan logam-logam berat pada horizon pelapukan di wilayah Konawe Utara merupakan tujuan penelitian ini. Perangkat XRF dan ICP-MS milik Laboratorium Geologi – Pusat Survei Geologi dimanfaatkan dalam pengukuran kadar oksida utama, unsur jarang, dan unsur tanah jarang pada setiap horizon pelapukan dari tiga profil: Andowia, Wawolimbue, dan Marombo. Horizon saprolit di Marombo dianggap layak untuk dijadikan pengganti horizon saprolit di Wawolimbue, karena berasal dari lokasi yang tidak jauh dan sebagai hasil dari pelapukan batuan ultramafik. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa logam berat: Mn, Co dan Cr terkayakan pada horizon laterit relatif terhadap dua horizon pelapukan lainnya, sedangkan Ni tertahan pada transitional bedrock. Pada sisi lain, Mg, Si, dan Ca cenderung mengalami pengurangan bertahap berbanding lurus dengan proses pelapukan. Profil Wawolimbue dan Marombo sangat mungkin berasal dari batuan induk yang sama dan dipertegas oleh diagram laba-laba unsur tanah jarang. Perbedaan pola diagram unsur tanah jarang berikut derajat anomali Eu menegaskan kesimpulan bahwa profil Andowia berasal dari batuan induk berbeda terhadap profil Wawolimbue-Marombo. Unsur tanah jarang paling terkayakan pada horizon laterit dengan anomali Ce negatif terkait terbentuknya fraksi lempungan dan oksidasi spontan Ce3+ menjadi Ce4+ saat pelapukan.
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